Gulf of Thailand: 6 Fascinating Facts to Enhance Your Adventure

The islands of Southeast Asia continue to attract tourists from around the world due to their natural beauty. This region is particularly distinguished by its seas and islands, formed from the eastern Pacific Ocean. One of the largest bays in this region is the Gulf of Thailand. You may have heard a lot about this area, but have you truly explored everything it has to offer? Is the Gulf of Thailand exclusively located in Thailand? All the interesting information about this gulf will be revealed in the article below, so follow us!

Written by Preetika Narula (Local Expert)Updated on 05-11-2024

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1. Where is the Gulf of Thailand located?

The Gulf of Thailand is located in the South China Sea of the Pacific Ocean, surrounded by four countries: Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam. The gulf is bordered by Thailand to the north, west, and southwest, as well as by Cambodia and the southern part of Vietnam to the northeast and the northern part of the Malay Peninsula.

It stretches approximately 830 km in length, with an average width of about 385 km. Nature has endowed this region with islands and beaches that remain among the most beautiful in the world.

2. Why is it called the Gulf of Thailand?

The Gulf of Thailand, also known as the Gulf of Siam (Siam being the old name for Thailand), borders four countries: Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, and Cambodia. So why isn’t it called the Gulf of Malaysia, the Gulf of Vietnam, or the Gulf of Cambodia, but rather the Gulf of Thailand?

This name is attributed to the gulf's area, which spans approximately 320,000 km², bordered by the coasts of four countries: Thailand (1,560 km), Vietnam (230 km), Malaysia (150 km), and Cambodia (460 km). Given that Thailand possesses the majority of the coastline, the gulf was named in reference to the country. It is essentially a name used for international geographic identification.

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3. Characteristics of the Gulf of Siam

The Gulf is a relatively young environment, having emerged around 10,000 years ago when glaciers retreated at the end of the last Ice Age, flooding the ancient Chao Phraya River valley.

Shallow, with an average depth of only 45 meters, the Gulf is heavily influenced by rivers draining from the continent, making it low in salinity and rich in nutrients and sediments. Among the major rivers flowing into this gulf are the Chao Phraya and Mae Klong from Thailand.

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The warm waters of the gulf provide ideal conditions for the growth of numerous coral reefs. This ecosystem is characterized by a slow water exchange with the South China Sea, creating a unique and almost self-sustaining community. It hosts not only impressive species such as juvenile whale sharks, seahorses, bull sharks, and mobula rays, but also a resilient community of corals and other reef-associated organisms.

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4. What is The Largest Island?

The largest island in the Gulf of Thailand is Phu Quoc Island in Vietnam, with an area of approximately 570 km². It is located in the Mekong Delta in southern Vietnam and also represents the largest island in the country. Perhaps you didn’t know, but the area of Phu Quoc Island is equivalent to two-thirds that of Singapore.

5. The Most Beautiful Islands in the Gulf of Thailand

5.1 In Thailand

With the largest part of its area located in Thailand, the gulf offers spectacular landscapes and world-renowned dream islands. It can be said that the most beautiful islands in the gulf are in Thailand. Here are some must-see islands to explore the beauty of the Gulf of Thailand on your next trip:

• Koh Samui: Koh Samui is the largest in the region and the most developed. Today, this island is renowned for its luxury resorts, landscapes with crystal-clear waters, lush forests, and exceptional marine life, also offering a multitude of activities. It is a more suitable destination for those seeking luxurious experiences and tranquility.

• Koh Tao: Nicknamed the Turtle Island, Koh Tao captivates with its stunning beaches, ideal for swimming. Its rich marine life, including turtles, whale sharks, and colorful corals, attracts diving and snorkeling enthusiasts. For a quieter retreat, visit Koh Tao.

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• Koh Phangan: Famous for its full moon parties, Koh Phangan is the ultimate party island. Every month, about 10,000 to 30,000 backpackers and traveling students gather on Haad Rin Beach for a wild night of DJs, dancing, and colorful UV body paint. Learn more about: Full Moon Party in Koh Phangan.

• Koh Samet: A peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of Bangkok, Koh Samet impresses with its turquoise waters, white sandy beaches, and preserved coral reefs. Whether you're a fan of diving, sunbathing, or lively nightlife, this destination has something for everyone. Located near Bangkok, the island offers easy accessibility to visitors.

5.2 In Cambodia

Cambodia boasts hundreds of kilometers of beautiful beaches along the Gulf of Thailand, mainly in the southwest of the country, in the Gulf of Thailand. The most popular islands to visit include Koh Rong, Koh Rong Samloem, Koh Ta Kiev, and Koh Thmei, each offering its charm and distinct activities.

Koh Rong, the largest and most developed, offers various accommodation, restaurant, and bar options. Known for its beautiful beaches, crystal-clear waters, and lively nightlife, it is a popular destination for backpackers and party lovers. Koh Rong Koh Rong, a tropical oasis in Cambodia.

Koh Rong Samloem, on the other hand, is a quieter and more isolated island, offering white sandy beaches, hiking trails, and a marine reserve. Ideal for nature lovers and those seeking tranquility.

Koh Ta Kiev, a hidden gem near Sihanoukville, remains largely preserved, offering breathtaking landscapes, diving activities, and a true escape without modern amenities. 

5.3 In Vietnam

The portion of the Gulf of Thailand that extends into Vietnamese territory is located in the southwest of Vietnam, with Phu Quoc Island reigning as the most famous. It is the largest island in Vietnam, offering exceptional beauty with its beaches located in the south of the country. Known for its pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and spectacular landscapes, Phu Quoc is also famous for its corals and starfish, making it an ideal place for diving and other water activities.

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In Phu Quoc, the beaches often abound with beautiful starfish. The island is also renowned for producing local specialties such as nước mắm (the famous Vietnamese fish sauce, integral to local cuisine) and high-quality pepper.

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6. The Most Beautiful National Park in Gulf of Siam

The Mu Ko Ang Thong National Marine Park, renowned for its exceptional landscapes off the coast of Surat Thani province, east of Ko Samui, is frequently praised as the most beautiful national marine park in the Gulf of Thailand. The 42 islands of this archipelago, majestically spanning 102 km², offer a unique natural beauty.

The islands in the Mu Ko Ang Thong National Marine Park feature mountains, limestone hills, coral reefs, tropical forests, dolphins, and wild pigs, creating a mystical aura. Activities abound, with diving, kayaking, hiking, and exploring pristine beaches. The dive sites reveal a bustling underwater world of fish and corals, making it the best snorkeling spot in the Gulf of Thailand.

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Notably, it also offers bungalows and camping areas, making it an excellent choice for a weekend getaway. A day trip to Ang Thong Marine Park is a good idea during your beach stay.

Final Words

We hope this information will be useful for understanding all the essential aspects and beauty of the Gulf of Thailand. It is also a note to add to your next trip for island and beach lovers. Whether in Thailand, Vietnam, or Cambodia, all the islands and beaches will undoubtedly enchant you. Prepare your swimsuit now, as the ideal period for a beach stay here is generally from December to April!

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